![]() ![]() Originally, EPROMS were erased using ultraviolet light, but more recently the flash memory (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory EEPROM) has become the norm. The firmware remains unchanged until a system update is required to fix bugs or add features. ![]() Firmware is a program usually permanently stored in the ROM or EPROM, which provides for control of the hardware and a standardized operating environment for more complex software programmed by users. Those instructions or data cannot be easily modified after manufacture and are rarely changed during the life of the microcontroller and (3) erasable-programmable read only memory (EPROM), which is semi-permanent memory that can store instructions that need to be changed occasionally, such as the instructions that implement the specific use of the microcontroller. There are generally three types of memory: (1) random-access memory (RAM), which is a volatile memory used to hold the data and programs being executed that can be read from or written to at any time as long as the power is maintained (2) read-only memory (ROM), which is used for permanent storage of system instructions even when the microcontroller is powered down. \): Microcontroller architecture.Ī memory unit (often simply called memory) stores data, addresses, and instructions, which can be retrieved by the CPU during processing. ![]()
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